Republican plan
$1.1 trillion
Already passed
$3.2 trillion
Democratic plan
$3.4 trillion
Small-business aid
$158 billion
$1,010 billion
$0 billion
Other measures
81
627
302
203
346
36
Business tax breaks
Stimulus checks
300
293
436
111
277
382
Health care
110
274
437
Unemployment benefits
State and local aid
105
256
1,118
Safety net and other tax cuts
18
83
736
Republican plan
$1.1 trillion
Already passed
$3.2 trillion
Democratic plan
$3.4 trillion
Small-business aid
$158 billion
$1,010 billion
$0 billion
Other measures
81
627
302
203
346
36
Business tax breaks
Stimulus checks
300
293
436
111
277
382
Health care
110
274
437
Unemployment benefits
State and local aid
105
256
1,118
Safety net, other tax cuts
18
83
736
Already
passed
$3.2 trillion
Republican
plan
$1.1 trillion
Democratic
plan
$3.4 trillion
158
627
81
302
346
203
36
293
300
436
277
111
382
274
110
437
256
105
1,118
83
18
736
Analysis of data from The Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget. About $800 billion of the aid that has already passed, primarily in the form of loans, is not expected to add to the deficit.
There is little overlap in the plans released by Democrats and Republicans for another round of federal aid to address the Covid-19 pandemic. The House Democrats’ opening offer, a $3.4 trillion package that passed the chamber in May, would extend $600 weekly unemployment payments and provide $1 trillion more in state and local aid.
The Senate Republican plan, a $1.1 trillion package announced Monday, includes scaled-back unemployment benefits and more funding for small-business loans.
The Republican bill has not yet received an official cost projection, but the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget has analyzed both measures. Here, based on that data, is how the two parties’ proposals compare with each other and with the more than $3 trillion in federal support passed by Congress since March:
Unemployment Benefits
Congress is facing increasing pressure to come to an agreement because weekly unemployment benefit payments of $600 expire for millions of Americans this week. Republicans have proposed reducing the additional benefit, which is added to regular state payments, to $200 per week through September, with a plan to set total benefits at 70 percent of lost income after that. Democrats want to continue the higher payments through January.
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Additional $600/week payments through July $176 billion
Extend
reduced
benefits
$110 billion*
Extend and expand benefits
$437 billion
Extend benefits to self-employed and others
$35b
Up to 13 additional weeks of benefits $51b
Other $12b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Additional $600/week payments through July $176 billion
Extend
reduced
benefits
$110b*
Extend and expand benefits
$437 billion
Extend benefits to self-employed and others
$35b
Up to 13 additional weeks of benefits $51b
Other $12b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Additional $600/week payments through July $176 billion
Extend
reduced
benefits
$110
billion*
Extend and expand benefits
$437 billion
Up to 13 additional weeks of benefits $51b
Extend benefits to self-employed and others
$35b
Other $12b
Already passed
Up to 13 additional weeks of benefits $51b
Additional $600/week payments through July $176 billion
Extend benefits to self-employed and others $35b
Other $12b
Republican plan
Extend reduced benefits
$110 billion*
Democratic plan
Extend and expand benefits
$437 billion
*The budget analysts note that this estimate is rough, and actual costs could differ substantially.
Second Round of Stimulus Checks
Both parties include a second round of stimulus checks for individuals. The Democratic plan is more costly, increasing the amount allotted for dependents to $1,200 from $500 and loosening rules to allow undocumented immigrants to receive money.
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Second round of stimulus checks
$300 billion
Stimulus checks
$293 billion
Second round of stimulus checks
$413 billion
Loosen rules for
stimulus checks $23b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Second round of stimulus checks
$300 billion
Stimulus checks
$293 billion
Second round of stimulus checks
$413 billion
Loosen rules for
stimulus checks $23b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Second round of stimulus checks
$300 billion
Stimulus checks
$293 billion
Second round of stimulus checks
$413 billion
Loosen rules for
stimulus checks $23b
Already passed
Stimulus checks
$293 billion
Republican plan
Second round of stimulus checks
$300 billion
Democratic plan
Second round of stimulus checks
$413 billion
Loosen rules for stimulus checks $23b
Small-Business Aid
Republicans have proposed more funding for Paycheck Protection loans, in addition to two other lending programs for small businesses. Democrats have not proposed additional loans.
Republican plan
Already passed
“Second draw” Paycheck Protection loans $90b
Emergency small
business loans
$300 billion
Paycheck Protection loans
$670 billion
Recovery sector loans for struggling businesses $58b
Existing loan
subsidies $17b
New small business
investment facility $10b
Small Business
Administration $2b
Republican plan
Already passed
“Second draw” Paycheck Protection loans $90b
Emergency small
business loans
$300 billion
Paycheck Protection loans
$670 billion
Recovery sector loans for struggling businesses $58b
Existing loan
subsidies $17b
New small business
investment facility $10b
Small Business
Administration $2b
“Second draw” Paycheck Protection loans $90b
Emergency small
business loans
$300 billion
Paycheck Protection loans
$670 billion
Recovery sector loans for struggling businesses $58b
Existing loan
subsidies $17b
New small business
investment facility $10b
Small Business
Administration $2b
Already passed
Paycheck Protection loans
$670 billion
Emergency small
business loans
$300 billion
Existing
loan
subsidies
$17b
Small Business
Administration $2b
Republican plan
Recovery sector loans for struggling businesses $58b
“Second draw” Paycheck Protection loans $90b
New small business
investment facility $10b
Aid to State and Local Governments
Democrats have proposed nearly $1 trillion in additional aid to state and local governments to help make up for reduced revenue and increased spending during the pandemic. Both parties propose granting additional funds to states for education, but the Republican plan favors schools that hold in-person classes.
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
More
Medicaid
funding
$81b
State and local
government aid
$150 billion
More state and local government aid
$915 billion
Education funding $31b
More
education
funding
$90b
Infrastructure grants
$25b
Infrastructure and public
transportation $32b
More education
funding $105b
More
Medicaid
funding
$81b
State and local
government aid
$150 billion
More state and local government aid
$915 billion
Education funding $31b
More
education
funding
$90b
Infrastructure grants
$25b
Infrastructure and public
transportation $32b
More education
funding $105b
More
Medicaid
funding
$81b
State and local
government aid
$150 billion
More state and local government aid
$915 billion
Education funding $31b
More
education
funding
$90b
Infrastructure grants
$25b
Infrastructure and public
transportation $32b
More education
funding $105b
Already passed
State and local
government aid
$150 billion
Infrastructure grants
$25b
Republican plan
More education funding $105b
Democratic plan
More state and local government aid
$915 billion
More education
funding $90b
More Medicaid
funding $81b
Infrastructure and public transportation $32b
Note: Infrastructure grants passed in March were for transit providers, which include state and local governments.
Safety Net and Individual Tax Cuts
Democrats included hundreds of billions of dollars in spending on priorities like safety-net programs, and are calling for the temporary elimination of the cap on the state and local tax deduction that primarily affects blue states.
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Eliminate SALT deduction cap for two years
$137 billion
Hazard pay fund for
essential workers
$190 billion
Child care and development grants $15b
More housing support
$202 billion
Increase child tax credit benefits $119 billion
Other $8b
More food
assistance $35b
Tax credits and deductions for workers and child care $35b
Expand use of health savings accounts $9b
Emergency retirement withdrawals $8b
Eliminate SALT deduction cap for two years
$137 billion
Child
care and develop-
ment
grants
$15b
Hazard pay fund for
essential workers
$190 billion
More housing support
$202 billion
Increase child tax credit benefits
$119 billion
Other $8b
More food
assistance $35b
Tax credits and deductions for workers and child care $35b
Expand use of health savings accounts $9b
Emergency retirement withdrawals $8b
Eliminate SALT deduction cap
for two years
$137 billion
Hazard pay fund for
essential workers
$190 billion
Child
care and develop-
ment
grants
$15b
More housing
support
$202 billion
Increase child tax credit benefits
$119 billion
Other $8b
More food
assistance $35b
Tax credits and deductions for workers and child care $35b
Expand use of health savings accounts $9b
Emergency retirement withdrawals $8b
Already passed
Expand use of health savings accounts $9b
Other $8b
Food assistance $46b
Emergency retirement withdrawals $8b
Republican plan
Child care and development
grants $15b
Democratic plan
Increase child tax credit benefits
$119 billion
Eliminate SALT deduction cap for two years
$137 billion
More food
assistance
$35b
Hazard pay fund for
essential workers
$190 billion
More housing support
$202 billion
Tax credits and deductions for workers and child care $35b
Health Care
Both parties have included additional health care spending in their plans. Democrats propose more spending over all, including nearly $100 billion to subsidize continuing health insurance coverage for laid-off workers under COBRA, the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act.
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
More health agency, community health funding $32b
Reimburse providers for lost revenue and expenses
$100 billion
Health provider funding
$175 billion
Covid-19 treatment cost support
$90b
More
Covid-19 testing and contact tracing
$75b
More health provider funding
$25b
Vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics $26b
COBRA payments for laid-off workers
$98 billion
Veterans
and
defense
health
$20b
Health agency,
community
health funding
$45b
More
Covid-19
testing
$16b
R&D $3b
More health agency, community
health funding $19b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
More health agency, community health funding $32b
Reimburse providers for lost revenue and expenses
$100 billion
Health provider funding
$175 billion
More
Covid-19 testing and contact tracing
$75b
Covid-19 treatment cost support
$90b
More health provider funding
$25b
Vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics $26b
COBRA payments for laid-off workers
$98 billion
Veterans
and
defense
health
$20b
Health agency,
community
health funding
$45b
More
Covid-19
testing
$16b
R&D $3b
More health agency, community
health funding $19b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
More health agency, community health funds $32b
Reimburse providers for lost revenue and expenses
$100 billion
Health provider funding
$175 billion
More
Covid-19 testing and contact tracing
$75b
Covid-19 treatment cost support
$90b
More health provider funding
$25b
Vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics $26b
COBRA payments for laid-off workers
$98 billion
Health agency, community
health funding $45b
Veterans
and
defense
health
$20b
More
Covid-19
testing
$16b
R&D $3b
More health agency, community
health funding $19b
Already passed
Health agency, community
health funding $45b
Health provider funding
$175 billion
Veterans and
defense health $20b
R&D $3b
Republican plan
More health agency, community health funds $32b
Vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics $26b
More Covid-19
testing $16b
More health provider funding $25b
Democratic plan
Reimburse providers for lost revenue and expenses
$100 billion
COBRA payments for laid-off workers
$98 billion
Covid-19 treatment cost support $90b
More Covid-19 testing and contact tracing $75b
More health agency, community
health funding $19b
Note: Congress also passed changes to Medicare in March that will result in an estimated net spending reduction over 10 years.
Business Tax Credits and Deductions
Both parties have proposed expanding a payroll tax credit passed in March, with slightly different parameters.
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Paid leave tax credit
$105 billion
Expanded tax credit to retain workers
$100 billion
Expanded tax credit to retain workers $164 billion
Tax credit to retain workers $55b
Tax credit to encourage hiring $50b
Loosen caps on interest deductibility and losses*
$174 billion
Extend and expand paid leave credit $32b
Credits for employer expenses and closed businesses
$73b
Tax credit for Covid-19 protection expenses $50b
Restaurant expense
deduction $3b
Delay payroll taxes $12b
Tax credit for self-employed $21b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Paid leave tax credit
$105 billion
Expanded tax credit to retain workers
$100 billion
Tax credit to retain workers $55b
Expanded tax credit to retain workers $164 billion
Tax credit to encourage hiring $50b
Loosen caps on interest deductibility and losses*
$174 billion
Extend and expand paid leave credit $32b
Credits for employer expenses and closed businesses
$73b
Tax credit for Covid-19 protection expenses $50b
Delay payroll taxes $12b
Restaurant expense
deduction $3b
Tax credit for self-employed $21b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Paid leave tax credit
$105 billion
Expanded tax credit to retain workers
$100 billion
Expanded tax credit to retain workers $164 billion
Tax credit to retain workers $55b
Tax credit to encourage hiring $50b
Loosen caps on interest deductibility and losses*
$174 billion
Extend and expand paid leave credit $32b
Credits for employer expenses and closed businesses
$73b
Tax credit for Covid-19 protection expenses $50b
Restaurant expense
deduction $3b
Delay payroll taxes $12b
Tax credit for self-employed $21b
Already passed
Tax credit to retain workers $55b
Paid leave
tax credit
$105 billion
Loosen caps on interest deductibility and losses*
$174 billion
Delay payroll taxes $12b
Republican plan
Tax credit for Covid-19 protection expenses $50b
Expanded tax credit to retain workers
$100 billion
Tax credit to encourage hiring $50b
Restaurant expense
deduction $3b
Democratic plan
Credits for employer expenses and closed businesses $73b
Expanded tax credit to retain workers
$164 billion
Extend and expand paid leave credit $32b
Tax credit for self-employed $21b
*Democrats have proposed raising $254 billion by reversing this measure passed in March and further limiting business loss deductibility.·The budget analysts note that estimates for the tax credit provisions in the Republican plan are rough, and actual costs could differ substantially.
Other Provisions
Both plans contain a handful of other line items. Some Republican senators were surprised to learn that their plan included $1.75 billion for a new F.B.I. headquarters — a White House demand without a connection to the pandemic.
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Loans to airlines and national security firms $46b
Other higher education
funding $169 billion
Airports $10b
Support for $4.5 trillion in
Federal Reserve loans
$454 billion
Changes to retirement
and pension plans
$48b
Other $7b
Student loan
forgiveness
$22b
International
assistance $4b
Defense Production
Act purchases $5b
Aviation tax
suspension $4b
F.B.I. headquarters $2b
Republican plan
Already passed
Democratic plan
Loans to airlines and national security firms $46b
Other higher education
funding $169 billion
Airports $10b
Support for $4.5 trillion in
Federal Reserve loans
$454 billion
Changes to retirement and pension plans $48b
Other $15b
Defense
contract-
ors $11b
Other $7b
Student loan
forgiveness
$22b
Aviation tax
suspension $4b
International
assistance $4b
Defense Production
Act purchases $5b
F.B.I. headquarters $2b
Loans to airlines and national security firms $46b
Other higher education
funding $169 billion
Airports $10b
Support for $4.5 trillion in
Federal Reserve loans
$454 billion
Changes to retirement and pension plans $48b
Other $15b
Defense
contract-
ors $11b
Other $7b
Student loan
forgiveness
$22b
Aviation tax
suspension $4b
International
assistance $4b
Defense Production
Act purchases $5b
F.B.I. headquarters $2b
Already passed
Support for $4.5 trillion in
Federal Reserve loans
$454 billion
Loans to airlines and national security firms $46b
Aviation tax
suspension $4b
Republican plan
F.B.I.
Other $15b
Airports $10b
Defense Production
Act purchases $5b
Democratic plan
Changes to retirement and pension plans $48b
Other higher education
funding $169 billion
Student
loan
forgive-
ness $22b
Other $7b
